About Mineral and Energy Resources in brief

Here we have provided Minerals and Energy Resource Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Notes in brief

Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic substances that have a unique chemical composition and physical properties. They are extracted from the earth and used in various industries, such as construction, manufacturing, and electronics. Examples of minerals include copper, iron, gold, limestone, gypsum, and mica.

There are two main types of minerals: metallic and non-metallic. Metallic minerals, such as iron, copper, and gold, are typically found in igneous and metamorphic rocks and are extracted through mining. Non-metallic minerals, such as limestone, gypsum, and mica, are typically found in sedimentary rocks and are extracted through quarrying.

The distribution of minerals is determined by the type of rocks in which they are found, as well as the geological processes that formed these rocks. For example, metallic minerals are often found in areas with a high concentration of molten magma, such as near volcanoes or at the edges of tectonic plates. Non-metallic minerals, on the other hand, are often found in sedimentary rocks that were formed by the accumulation of sediment over time.

The demand for minerals varies based on economic and technological factors. For example, the demand for certain minerals may increase during times of economic growth or if there is a technological advancement that requires the use of a particular mineral.

Energy resources are sources of power that are used to generate electricity or fuel vehicles and other machinery. There are three main types of energy resources: fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable energy.

Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. They are non-renewable resources and their use releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Fossil fuels are still the primary source of energy for much of the world, but their use is becoming increasingly controversial due to the negative impacts on the environment.

Nuclear energy is produced by the splitting of atoms in a process called nuclear fission. It is a relatively clean source of energy, but the waste produced by nuclear power plants is highly radioactive and must be stored safely. Nuclear energy is controversial due to the potential risks associated with nuclear accidents and the disposal of nuclear waste.

Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, are replenished naturally and do not produce greenhouse gases. They are becoming increasingly important as the world seeks to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels. Renewable energy is often seen as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, but it can also be more expensive and may not be as reliable in some areas.

India is rich in minerals, with reserves of coal, iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, and other minerals. It is also a leading producer of oil and natural gas. However, the country's energy needs are still largely met through the use of fossil fuels, with a significant portion coming from coal. The government is working to increase the use of renewable energy sources in an effort to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate the impacts of climate change. This includes initiatives such as the National Solar Mission and the National Wind Energy Mission, which aim to increase the use of solar and wind power in India.